This chapter provides you with in-depth knowledge of all the problems where microbes play an essential part. They are indeed present everywhere in our day to day life and play some crucial roles without being noticed by us.
This chapter explains the process of fertilization and the formation of new individuals. It gives you a brief overview of the sexual and asexual reproduction in both plants and animals. This will help you in developing a deeper understanding of the concepts of pre fertilization and post-fertilization events in plants as well as animals.
This chapter covers topics like biotechnology and its applications, application of biotechnology in agriculture, application of biotechnology in medicine, ethical issues, and transgenic animals, and so on.
The chapter covers topics like abiotic factors, responses to abiotic factors, adaptations, populations, and so on. The explanations will give you a clear knowledge of the chapter.
This chapter gives insight into the structure of an ecosystem and looks into the input or productivity, transfer of energy like food chain and nutrient cycle, output like degradation and energy loss, the energy flow inside the system because of inter-relationship between different entities of the system. This chapter also highlights various cycles, webs, and chains around these energy flows
This chapter tells you about the major issues relating to environmental pollution. Environmental issues are important as they own a serious threat to all the living species living in our ecosystem.
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